邮件工具
apache-commons-email
<dependency> <groupId>javax.mail</groupId> <artifactId>mail</artifactId> <version>1.4.1</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.apache.commons</groupId> <artifactId>commons-email</artifactId> <version>1.3.2</version> </dependency>
以scala代码例：
import org.apache.commons.mail.Email
import org.apache.commons.mail.EmailException
import org.apache.commons.mail.SimpleEmail
def sendTextMail(toList: List[String], subject: String, msg: String) {
logger.debug( "\n\tSending mail: {}://{}:{}\n\t" +
"username: {}, password: {}, auth: {}\n\t" +
"to: {}\n\t" + "subject: {}" + "\n\tcontent: {}",
protocolString.asInstanceOf[AnyRef], host.asInstanceOf[AnyRef],
port.asInstanceOf[AnyRef], username.asInstanceOf[AnyRef],
password.asInstanceOf[AnyRef], auth.asInstanceOf[AnyRef],
toList.asInstanceOf[AnyRef], subject.asInstanceOf[AnyRef],
msg.asInstanceOf[AnyRef])
try {
val email: Email = new SimpleEmail()
email.setSSLOnConnect("ssl" == auth)
email.setHostName(host)
email.setSmtpPort(Integer.parseInt(port))
email.setAuthentication(username, password)
email.setFrom(username, nickname)
toList.foreach((to: String) => email.addTo(to))
// email.addTo(to)
email.setSubject(subject)
email.setMsg(msg)
email.send()
logger.debug("mail send success! ")
} catch {
case e: EmailException => e.printStackTrace
case e: Exception => e.printStackTrace
}
}
用GreenMail模拟邮件服务器
<dependency> <groupId>com.icegreen</groupId> <artifactId>greenmail</artifactId> <version>1.3</version> <scope>test</scope> </dependency>
启动邮件服务
服务器的启动与停止工作可以在单元测试的before和after方法中执行。
为了简单这里用Scala的代码。
启动服务，可以选择是否用SSL
import com.icegreen.greenmail.util.GreenMail;
import com.icegreen.greenmail.util.GreenMailUtil;
import com.icegreen.greenmail.util.ServerSetup;
var greenMail: GreenMail = null
before {
greenMail = new GreenMail(
// com.icegreen.greenmail.util.ServerSetupTest.SMTP // no ssl
com.icegreen.greenmail.util.ServerSetupTest.SMTPS ); // ssl
greenMail.setUser("user@testmail.com", "password");
greenMail.start();
}
after {
greenMail.stop();
}
检查收到的邮件内容
在单元测试发出邮件以后，可以等待收到邮件，并检查邮件内容：
import javax.mail.Message
test("Send-mail-ad") {
AdService.sentMail();
greenMail.waitForIncomingEmail(2000, 1);
Message[] msgs = greenMail.getReceiveMessages();
assertEquals(1, msgs.length)
assertEquals("Mail Subject", msgs[0].getSubject())
assertEquals("mail html text", GreenMailUtil.getBody(msgs[0]).trim())
}
复杂格式邮件
接收复杂格式邮件附件
package mail;
import java.io.BufferedInputStream;
import java.io.BufferedOutputStream;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileNotFoundException;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.UnsupportedEncodingException;
import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;
import java.util.Date;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.Properties;
import javax.mail.Address;
import javax.mail.BodyPart;
import javax.mail.Flags;
import javax.mail.Flags.Flag;
import javax.mail.Folder;
import javax.mail.Message;
import javax.mail.MessagingException;
import javax.mail.Multipart;
import javax.mail.Part;
import javax.mail.Session;
import javax.mail.Store;
import javax.mail.internet.InternetAddress;
import javax.mail.internet.MimeMessage;
import javax.mail.internet.MimeMultipart;
import javax.mail.internet.MimeUtility;
import com.sun.mail.imap.IMAPMessage;
/**
* 使用IMAP协议接收邮件
*
POP3和IMAP协议的区别:
* POP3协议允许电子邮件客户端下载服务器上的邮件,但是在客户端的操作(如移动邮件、标记已读等),不会反馈到服务器上,
* 比如通过客户端收取了邮箱中的3封邮件并移动到其它文件夹,邮箱服务器上的这些邮件是没有同时被移动的。
*
IMAP协议提供webmail与电子邮件客户端之间的双向通信,客户端的操作都会同步反应到服务器上,对邮件进行的操作,服务
* 上的邮件也会做相应的动作。比如在客户端收取了邮箱中的3封邮件,并将其中一封标记为已读,将另外两封标记为删除,这些操作会
* 即时反馈到服务器上。
*
两种协议相比,IMAP 整体上为用户带来更为便捷和可靠的体验。POP3更易丢失邮件或多次下载相同的邮件,但IMAP通过邮件客户端
* 与webmail之间的双向同步功能很好地避免了这些问题。
*/
public class MailUtil {
public static final String TEXT_PAIN = "text/*";
public static final String TEXT_HTML = "text/html";
public static final String MSG_RFC822 = "message/rfc822";
/*
*
* 网易邮箱开通了IMAP后，再心蓝中使用IMAP收件无法正常， <br/>
* 提示“NO Select Unsafe Login. Please contact kefu@188.com for help”。 <br/>
* 第三方客户端收信他们就会认为是不安全的，实则是为了推广他们自己的邮件客户端，实属霸王条款。 <br/>
* <br/>
* 网民的力量是强大的，据说从2014.12.20开始，网易提供了偷偷提供了一个入口设置解决这个问题，链接地址： <br/>
* http://config.mail.163.com/settings/imap/index.jsp?uid=xxxxxx@163.com <br/>
*
* 首先需要先登录网页邮箱，如果是126则自己替换链接中的163。按页面提示，通过手机短信验证之后，出现如下提示: <br/>
* <br/>
* 您可以继续使用当前客户端收发邮件了，请特别注意个人的电子信息安全哦。感谢您对网易邮箱的支持！就可以正常使用第三方邮件客户端的IMAP功能来收件了。 <br/>
*
*/
private static String imapServer = "imap.163.com";
private static String imapPort = "143";
private static String email = "dummymail2018@163.com";
private static String password = "1qaz2wsx";
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
// moveMail("lab-booking-unread", "lab-booking-success");
loopAllFolder();
}
public static void moveMail(String fromStr, String toStr) throws Exception {
Properties props = new Properties();
props.setProperty("mail.store.protocol", "imap");
props.setProperty("mail.imap.host", imapServer);
props.setProperty("mail.imap.port", imapPort);
// 创建Session实例对象
Session session = Session.getInstance(props);
// 创建IMAP协议的Store对象
Store store = session.getStore("imap");
// 连接邮件服务器
store.connect(email, password);
// 获得收件箱
Folder from = store.getFolder(fromStr);
from.open(Folder.READ_WRITE);
Folder to = store.getFolder(toStr);
to.open(Folder.READ_WRITE);
Message[] mails = from.getMessages();
if (null != mails && mails.length > 0) {
Message[] mr = {mails[0]};
from.copyMessages(mr, to);
mails[0].setFlag(Flags.Flag.DELETED, true);//设置已删除状态为true
}
from.close(true); // ture表示对标记了删除记录的邮件实施删除操作
to.close(true);
store.close();
}
public static void loopAllFolder() throws Exception {
// BufferedReader reader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(System.in));
// System.out.println("请输入邮箱地址：");
// String email = reader.readLine();
// System.out.println("请输入邮箱密码：");
// String password = reader.readLine();
// 准备连接服务器的会话信息
Properties props = new Properties();
props.setProperty("mail.store.protocol", "imap");
props.setProperty("mail.imap.host", imapServer);
props.setProperty("mail.imap.port", imapPort);
// 创建Session实例对象
Session session = Session.getInstance(props);
// 创建IMAP协议的Store对象
Store store = session.getStore("imap");
// 连接邮件服务器
store.connect(email, password);
// 获得收件箱
// Folder folder = store.getFolder("INBOX");
Folder[] folders = store.getDefaultFolder().list();
for (Folder folder : folders) {
// Folder folder = store.getDefaultFolder();
// 以读写模式打开收件箱
folder.open(Folder.READ_WRITE);
// 获得收件箱的邮件列表
Message[] messages = folder.getMessages();
// 打印不同状态的邮件数量
System.out.println("<" + folder.getFullName() + "> 中有" + messages.length + "封邮件!");
System.out.println("其中有" + folder.getUnreadMessageCount() + "封未读邮件!");
System.out.println("其中有" + folder.getNewMessageCount() + "封新邮件!");
System.out.println("其中有" + folder.getDeletedMessageCount() + "封已删除邮件!");
System.out.println("------------------------开始解析邮件----------------------------------");
// 解析邮件
for (Message message : messages) {
IMAPMessage msg = (IMAPMessage) message;
String subject = MimeUtility.decodeText(msg.getSubject());
System.out.println("[" + subject + "]未读,是否需要阅读此邮件(yes/no)?");
// reader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(System.in));
// String answer = reader.readLine();
String answer = "yes";
if ("yes".equalsIgnoreCase(answer)) {
MailUtil.parseMessage("C:\\mailtmp", msg); // 解析邮件
// 第二个参数如果设置为true,则将修改反馈给服务器。false则不反馈给服务器
msg.setFlag(Flag.SEEN, true); //设置已读标志
}
}
// 关闭资源
folder.close(false);
}
store.close();
}
/**
* 解析邮件
* @param messages 要解析的邮件列表
*/
public static void parseMessage(String downAttachmentDir, Message... messages)
throws MessagingException, IOException //
{
if (messages == null || messages.length < 1)
throw new MessagingException("未找到要解析的邮件!");
// 解析所有邮件
for (int i = 0, count = messages.length; i < count; i++) {
MimeMessage msg = (MimeMessage) messages[i];
System.out.println(
"------------------解析第" + msg.getMessageNumber() + "封邮件-------------------- ");
System.out.println("主题: " + getSubject(msg));
System.out.println("发件人: " + getFrom(msg));
System.out.println("收件人：" + getReceiveAddress(msg, null));
System.out.println("发送时间：" + getSentDate(msg, null));
System.out.println("是否已读：" + isSeen(msg));
System.out.println("邮件优先级：" + getPriority(msg));
System.out.println("是否需要回执：" + isReplySign(msg));
System.out.println("邮件大小：" + msg.getSize() * 1024 + "kb");
boolean isContainerAttachment = isContainAttachment(msg);
System.out.println("是否包含附件：" + isContainerAttachment);
if (isContainerAttachment && (null != downAttachmentDir)) {
saveAttachment(msg, downAttachmentDir + msg.getSubject() + "_"); //保存附件
}
Map<String, StringBuffer> content = new HashMap<>();
// String contentType = msg.getContentType();
getMailTextContent(msg, content);
System.out.println("邮件正文：" + content.get(TEXT_HTML));
// System.out.println("邮件正文：" + content.get("text/pain"));
System.out.println("------------------第" + msg.getMessageNumber()
+ "封邮件解析结束-------------------- ");
System.out.println();
}
}
/**
* 获得邮件主题
* @param msg 邮件内容
* @return 解码后的邮件主题
*/
public static String getSubject(MimeMessage msg)
throws UnsupportedEncodingException, MessagingException {
return MimeUtility.decodeText(msg.getSubject());
}
/**
* 取得发送者信息
* @param msg 邮件内容
* @return 发送者相关信息
* @throws MessagingException
* @throws UnsupportedEncodingException
*/
public static String getSender(MimeMessage msg)
throws MessagingException, UnsupportedEncodingException //
{
Address sender = msg.getSender();
msg.getSender();
if (null == sender) {
return null;
}
return "";
}
/**
* 获得邮件发件人
* @param msg 邮件内容
* @return 姓名 <Email地址>
* @throws MessagingException
* @throws UnsupportedEncodingException
*/
public static String getFrom(MimeMessage msg)
throws MessagingException, UnsupportedEncodingException {
String from = "";
Address[] froms = msg.getFrom();
if (froms.length < 1)
throw new MessagingException("没有发件人!");
InternetAddress address = (InternetAddress) froms[0];
String person = address.getPersonal();
if (person != null) {
person = MimeUtility.decodeText(person) + " ";
} else {
person = "";
}
from = person + "<" + address.getAddress() + ">";
return from;
}
/**
* 根据收件人类型，获取邮件收件人、抄送和密送地址。如果收件人类型为空，则获得所有的收件人
* <p>Message.RecipientType.TO 收件人</p>
* <p>Message.RecipientType.CC 抄送</p>
* <p>Message.RecipientType.BCC 密送</p>
* @param msg 邮件内容
* @param type 收件人类型
* @return 收件人1 <邮件地址1>, 收件人2 <邮件地址2>, ...
* @throws MessagingException
*/
public static String getReceiveAddress(MimeMessage msg, Message.RecipientType type)
throws MessagingException {
StringBuffer receiveAddress = new StringBuffer();
Address[] addresss = null;
if (type == null) {
addresss = msg.getAllRecipients();
} else {
addresss = msg.getRecipients(type);
}
if (addresss == null || addresss.length < 1)
throw new MessagingException("没有收件人!");
for (Address address : addresss) {
InternetAddress internetAddress = (InternetAddress) address;
receiveAddress.append(internetAddress.toUnicodeString()).append(",");
}
receiveAddress.deleteCharAt(receiveAddress.length() - 1); //删除最后一个逗号
return receiveAddress.toString();
}
/**
* 获得邮件发送时间
* @param msg 邮件内容
* @return yyyy年mm月dd日 星期X HH:mm
* @throws MessagingException
*/
public static String getSentDate(MimeMessage msg, String pattern) throws MessagingException {
Date receivedDate = msg.getSentDate();
if (receivedDate == null)
return "";
if (pattern == null || "".equals(pattern))
pattern = "yyyy年MM月dd日 E HH:mm ";
return new SimpleDateFormat(pattern).format(receivedDate);
}
/**
* 判断邮件中是否包含附件
* @param msg 邮件内容
* @return 邮件中存在附件返回true，不存在返回false
* @throws MessagingException
* @throws IOException
*/
public static boolean isContainAttachment(Part part) throws MessagingException, IOException {
boolean flag = false;
if (part.isMimeType("multipart/*")) {
MimeMultipart multipart = (MimeMultipart) part.getContent();
int partCount = multipart.getCount();
for (int i = 0; i < partCount; i++) {
BodyPart bodyPart = multipart.getBodyPart(i);
String disp = bodyPart.getDisposition();
if (disp != null && (disp.equalsIgnoreCase(Part.ATTACHMENT)
|| disp.equalsIgnoreCase(Part.INLINE))) {
flag = true;
} else if (bodyPart.isMimeType("multipart/*")) {
flag = isContainAttachment(bodyPart);
} else {
String contentType = bodyPart.getContentType();
if (contentType.indexOf("application") != -1) {
flag = true;
}
if (contentType.indexOf("name") != -1) {
flag = true;
}
}
if (flag)
break;
}
} else if (part.isMimeType(MSG_RFC822)) {
flag = isContainAttachment((Part) part.getContent());
}
return flag;
}
/**
* 判断邮件是否已读
* @param msg 邮件内容
* @return 如果邮件已读返回true,否则返回false
* @throws MessagingException
*/
public static boolean isSeen(MimeMessage msg) throws MessagingException {
return msg.getFlags().contains(Flags.Flag.SEEN);
}
/**
* 判断邮件是否需要阅读回执
* @param msg 邮件内容
* @return 需要回执返回true,否则返回false
* @throws MessagingException
*/
public static boolean isReplySign(MimeMessage msg) throws MessagingException {
boolean replySign = false;
String[] headers = msg.getHeader("Disposition-Notification-To");
if (headers != null)
replySign = true;
return replySign;
}
/**
* 获得邮件的优先级
* @param msg 邮件内容
* @return 1(High):紧急 3:普通(Normal) 5:低(Low)
* @throws MessagingException
*/
public static String getPriority(MimeMessage msg) throws MessagingException {
String priority = "普通";
String[] headers = msg.getHeader("X-Priority");
if (headers != null) {
String headerPriority = headers[0];
if (headerPriority.indexOf("1") != -1 || headerPriority.indexOf("High") != -1)
priority = "紧急";
else if (headerPriority.indexOf("5") != -1 || headerPriority.indexOf("Low") != -1)
priority = "低";
else
priority = "普通";
}
return priority;
}
/**
* 获得邮件文本内容
* @param part 邮件体
* @param content 存储邮件文本内容的字符串
* @param showType 显示的格式
* @throws MessagingException
* @throws IOException
*/
public static void getMailTextContent(Part part, Map<String, StringBuffer> content)
throws MessagingException, IOException //
{
//如果是文本类型的附件，通过getContent方法可以取到文本内容，但这不是我们需要的结果，所以在这里要做判断
boolean isContainTextAttach = part.getContentType().indexOf("name") > 0;
if (part.isMimeType(TEXT_HTML) && !isContainTextAttach) {
StringBuffer sb = content.get(TEXT_HTML);
if (null == sb) {
sb = new StringBuffer(500);
content.put(TEXT_HTML, sb);
}
sb.append(MimeUtility.decodeText(part.getContent().toString()));
} else if (part.isMimeType(TEXT_PAIN) && !isContainTextAttach) {
StringBuffer sb = content.get(TEXT_PAIN);
if (null == sb) {
sb = new StringBuffer(500);
content.put(TEXT_PAIN, sb);
}
sb.append(part.getContent().toString());
} else if (part.isMimeType(MSG_RFC822)) {
getMailTextContent((Part) part.getContent(), content);
} else if (part.isMimeType("multipart/*")) {
Multipart multipart = (Multipart) part.getContent();
int partCount = multipart.getCount();
for (int i = 0; i < partCount; i++) {
BodyPart bodyPart = multipart.getBodyPart(i);
getMailTextContent(bodyPart, content);
}
}
}
/**
* 保存附件
* @param part 邮件中多个组合体中的其中一个组合体
* @param destDir 附件保存目录
* @throws UnsupportedEncodingException
* @throws MessagingException
* @throws FileNotFoundException
* @throws IOException
*/
public static void saveAttachment(Part part, String destDir)
throws UnsupportedEncodingException, MessagingException, FileNotFoundException,
IOException {
if (part.isMimeType("multipart/*")) {
Multipart multipart = (Multipart) part.getContent(); //复杂体邮件
//复杂体邮件包含多个邮件体
int partCount = multipart.getCount();
for (int i = 0; i < partCount; i++) {
//获得复杂体邮件中其中一个邮件体
BodyPart bodyPart = multipart.getBodyPart(i);
//某一个邮件体也有可能是由多个邮件体组成的复杂体
String disp = bodyPart.getDisposition();
if (disp != null && (disp.equalsIgnoreCase(Part.ATTACHMENT)
|| disp.equalsIgnoreCase(Part.INLINE))) {
InputStream is = bodyPart.getInputStream();
saveFile(is, destDir, decodeText(bodyPart.getFileName()));
} else if (bodyPart.isMimeType("multipart/*")) {
saveAttachment(bodyPart, destDir);
} else {
String contentType = bodyPart.getContentType();
if (contentType.indexOf("name") != -1
|| contentType.indexOf("application") != -1) {
saveFile(bodyPart.getInputStream(), destDir,
decodeText(bodyPart.getFileName()));
}
}
}
} else if (part.isMimeType(MSG_RFC822)) {
saveAttachment((Part) part.getContent(), destDir);
}
}
/**
* 读取输入流中的数据保存至指定目录
* @param is 输入流
* @param fileName 文件名
* @param destDir 文件存储目录
* @throws FileNotFoundException
* @throws IOException
*/
private static void saveFile(InputStream is, String destDir, String fileName)
throws FileNotFoundException, IOException {
BufferedInputStream bis = new BufferedInputStream(is);
BufferedOutputStream bos =
new BufferedOutputStream(new FileOutputStream(new File(destDir + fileName)));
int len = -1;
while ((len = bis.read()) != -1) {
bos.write(len);
bos.flush();
}
bos.close();
bis.close();
}
/**
* 文本解码
* @param encodeText 解码MimeUtility.encodeText(String text)方法编码后的文本
* @return 解码后的文本
* @throws UnsupportedEncodingException
*/
public static String decodeText(String encodeText) throws UnsupportedEncodingException {
if (encodeText == null || "".equals(encodeText)) {
return "";
} else {
return MimeUtility.decodeText(encodeText);
}
}
}
发送复杂格式邮件
package mail;
import java.util.Properties;
import javax.activation.DataHandler;
import javax.activation.DataSource;
import javax.activation.FileDataSource;
import javax.mail.BodyPart;
import javax.mail.Message;
import javax.mail.MessagingException;
import javax.mail.Multipart;
import javax.mail.PasswordAuthentication;
import javax.mail.Session;
import javax.mail.Transport;
import javax.mail.internet.AddressException;
import javax.mail.internet.InternetAddress;
import javax.mail.internet.MimeBodyPart;
import javax.mail.internet.MimeMessage;
import javax.mail.internet.MimeMultipart;
public class EmailHelper {
private String host;
private String username;
private String password;
private String from;
private String to;
private String subject;
private String htmlContent;
private String imagePath;
public EmailHelper(String host, String username, String password, String from) throws AddressException, MessagingException{
this.host = host;
this.username = username;
this.password = password;
this.from = from;
}
public void sendWithImage() throws Exception {
Properties props = new Properties();
props.put("mail.smtp.auth", "true");
props.put("mail.smtp.host", host);
final String username1 = username;
final String password1 = password;
Session session = Session.getInstance(props, new javax.mail.Authenticator() {
protected PasswordAuthentication getPasswordAuthentication() {
return new PasswordAuthentication(username1, password1);
}
});
Message message = new MimeMessage(session);
message.setFrom(new InternetAddress(from));
message.setRecipients(Message.RecipientType.TO, InternetAddress.parse(to));
message.setSubject(subject);
Multipart multipart = new MimeMultipart("related");
System.out.println(" html ");
BodyPart htmlPart = new MimeBodyPart();
htmlContent = "<img src=\"cid:image\">" + htmlContent;
htmlPart.setContent(htmlContent, "text/html");
multipart.addBodyPart(htmlPart);
System.out.println(" image ");
System.out.println("image path : " + imagePath);
BodyPart imgPart = new MimeBodyPart();
DataSource fds = new FileDataSource(this.imagePath);
imgPart.setDataHandler(new DataHandler(fds));
imgPart.setHeader("Content-ID", "<image>");
multipart.addBodyPart(imgPart);
message.setContent(multipart);
Transport.send(message);
System.out.println(" Sent -| ");
}
public void setTo(String to) {
this.to = to;
}
public void setSubject(String subject) {
this.subject = subject;
}
public void setHtmlContent(String htmlContent) {
this.htmlContent = htmlContent;
}
public String getImagePath() {
return imagePath;
}
public void setImagePath(String imagePath) {
this.imagePath = imagePath;
}
}
public class SendEmailDemo {
public static void main(){
String host = "smtp.163.com"; // use your smtp server host
final String username = "sender@163.com"; // use your username
final String password = "password"; // use your password
String from = "sender@163.com"; // use your sender email address
String to = "reciever@foxmail.com"; // use your reciever email address
try {
EmailHelper emailHelper = new EmailHelper(host, username, password, from);
emailHelper.setTo(to);
emailHelper.setSubject("subject ttt test");
emailHelper.setHtmlContent("<h1> This is html </h1>");
emailHelper.setImagePath("/Users/grs/Documents/Java/mavenEmail/test/src/main/resource/promises.png");
emailHelper.send();
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}